Effect of Battery Voltage on Output

Effect of Battery Voltage on OutputAndy Nguyen tabular array of Contents1.0 Introduction1.1 Theory Review1.2 Hypothesis1.3 Materials Risk judgement3.0 Results and summary4.0 Discussion5.0 Conclusion6.0 supplement1.0 IntroductionThe homopolar motor finesse or also known as unipolar motors be unremarkably employ in e realday society. For example, it can be related to an galvanic circuit in cars or in lavishly torque intimation turbines. But in this case, the homopolar motor consists of an AA bombardment, slob electrify and a atomic number 60 magnet. The aim of this examine only utilise this setup is to see how the electric potential of the electric battery affects the number of periods the telegraph revolves around the battery and magnet. It was executablenessed that the larger the potential difference or battery, the longer it took to revolve around the battery as size is determining the new output.1.1 Theory ReviewThe magnet utilize in this experiment is ca lled a atomic number 60 also known as Neodymium-iron-boron. This is a rare earth magnet and is stronger than the average magnet. It has a high resistivity to demagnetization and its button content level is high. If these magnets are non carefully stored or apply properly, it can have major effectuate on the magnet such as corroding or caught on fire if used in high temperatures. Like any different magnet, the Neodymium magnet has a North and South Pole and depending on which side its used, it affects the direction in which the wire is rotating.Alkaline batteries are commonly used to derive an electric invention work. It contains chemical energy which therefore converts to galvanising energy when placed in a device such as remotes and toys. An alkaline battery contains to electrodes, anode and cathode. Anode is an electrode by which electric current full points into a negatively polarized electrical device. A cathode is when the electrode gos out of the positively polari zed electrical device.When electricity is run through a kink or paradiddle of wire, the electricity has passed through a magnetic field, refer to appendix 3. The Neodymium magnet has both North and South Pole which attracts and repels the current stream through the rotor thus creating a constant torque which leads to the loop of wire spinning. This repetitive attracting and repelling can go on forever as long as a stable current goes through it.To find out how the radius of the wire affects the speed of the revolutions, angulate hurrying must be found. Angular swiftness can be considered as a vector quantity thus this unit is measured in radians per second. The traffic pattern for angular speed isWhere is the revolutions per bit and is the time taken in seconds. The formula is then multiplied by for the full measure proceeding unit for a circle is measured in radians.Polarisation is when the charges internal a particular object is split and separated into severally ends by from their distinctive other. A magnet for example, when polarised has two punts, where one end of the pole consists of positive charges whilst the other end will consist of negative charges. This concept determines the direction at which objects rotate.1.2 HypothesisIt was hypothesised that the bigger the radius of the wire, the unhurried the angular speed will be. But as the potentiality is increased using the same radius, the angular velocity of the fuzz wire will increase. change magnitude the copper wire to a bigger radius and changing the emf of the battery would have an effect on the speed of the revolutions. This should be overdue to the copper wire having to travel around a larger battery which means to a greater extent time for the wire to revolve.1.3 Materials1.5 Volt Alkaline battery Neodymium magnet Copper wire Pliers Smart squall1.4 Safety Risk AssessmentThe only hazard from this experiment is the adventure of being poked by the wire, having a slig ht burn on your fingers from the het up(p) wires or to jam your fingers in between magnets. To prevent this from happening, there must be a conduct of caution when handling the experiment, such as being alert where the wires are and not holding on to the wire for too long, as it may cause burn and also to accompaniment all magnetic objects away from the neodymium magnet, as it is a very strong magnet and can jam your finger between objects or a sharp object.2.0 MethodExperiment measuring how radius (r) and potential (v) affects angular speedPlace the neodymium magnet on a flat surfacePlace the negative (flat end) of the AAA battery onto the neodymium magnet.Use pliers to cut the wire to appropriate length.Mould and sour copper wire so that wire has a radius of 2cm from middle and make the two ends of the wire spiral down the battery and look up the magnet.The copper wire will move in a circular motion when the ends of the wire touch the magnet, record with smart phone.Review recording in slow motion and measure revolutions/minute. quote steps 2-6 for radii 3cm and 4cm.Repeat steps 2-7 for AA and D batteries.Refer to Appendix 2 for picture of experiment.3.0 Results and epitomeFigure 1 Figure 2In figure 1, it exhibitions that 1V (blue) and 1.5v (red) has a correlation with one another as a result of their consider lines almost being parallel. This is due to the two wires having almost the same voltage from the battery which would mean that the rpm would almost be the same.3.1 Error AnalysisTable one show the result of the threesome different surface radiis that was moulded to find the angular speed. A number of three attempts were conducted to stop up that the results that were given were not abnormal and were accurate. Each trial went for 60 seconds each and the averages of the speed were calculated. In each trial, a margin of 1 was used since the copper wire stopped halfway or not terminate the rotation. As shown in table 1, it is clear that the bigger the radius of the wire, the slower the angular velocity. The difference is only slight because of the bantam difference in the radius of the wire.4.0 DiscussionThe results of the experiment support the hypothesis that, when the radius of wire was widened, the slower the revolutions per minute. But when it came to increasing the voltage of the battery, there was an increase in revolutions per minute. By using the same radii that were used in the previous experiment for the AAA battery, the speed is increased when the AA battery was used. Then the revolutions per minute were importantly increased when using the D battery due to the amount of voltage in the D battery.From the data collected in table, angular velocity was able to be found using calculations shown in appendix 1. When the three batteries are compared, it is clear that as the battery voltage is increased, the faster the angular velocity. Even though increasing the radius of the wire affects the speed, it still sup ports the hypothesis that as the voltage is increased, the faster the angular velocity will be. As expected, the larger the amount of volts the battery discharges, the more current fertilizes through the copper wire, causing it to have a higher revolution per minute rate. The great the current flow the larger the magnetic field that is produced around the wire, and more force is produced to act upon making the wire spin.The copper wire that was used was incredibly thin so there was not a lot of contact with the battery or the magnet. Since the wire is thin, there is a small path in which the current flows in which only give the electrons to flow in a straight line. If the wire was thicker and bigger in diameter, then there would be less resistance since the electrons would be able to flow freely. Since the batteries have a world-shakingly low resistance, the electrons are free to flow easily through the thin copper wire. Therefore the factor of the resistance can be excluded when measuring the angular speed.With the data collected, it was used to make a graph which showed the relationship between the volts of the battery and the angular speed. The steep lines on the graph represent the margin error of 1 since the wire did not complete the full revolution. Other manageable errors that could have occurred slice gathering this data was the rounding error, to minimize large numbers, two significant figures were used.Copper wire relapses conductivity after each consecutive trial without cutting the ends get rid of. With the discovery of this possible error, cut the end bit of copper wire so that the conductivity would be the same each time which would make the results as accurate and precise as possible. Another possible source or error for this experiment is if the wire fell off the battery halfway through its rotations and/or if the ends of the copper wire lose direct contact to the magnet and slowed down during its rotations. These possible sources of e rror could be prevented by creating a slight dent on the battery to get a little hole for the wire to sit comfortably on and to create a solid spiral down the battery so that the ends dont become loose and lose contact with the magnet. So that the results could be as precise as possible, because if the ends of the copper wire lose contact with the magnet, it loses the velocity and momentum and would slow down, and thus affects the rpm. Another possible source of error is drainage of the battery after consecutive trials causing less voltage to flow into the wire thus affecting its angular velocity, this could be prevented by using a power pack alternatively of battery.5.0 ConclusionIn conclusion, the results that were gathered supported the hypothesis that even with a larger radius, when increasing the voltage of the battery, the angular speed is increased. As the results show that the D battery, although larger radius than the AA battery, still had twice the amount of revolutions p er minute because it had twice the amount of voltage.6.0 AppendixAppendix 1Using the formula for angular speedAppendix 2Appendix 3Appendix 4